Unless drivers are willing to identify the culprit they will have to pay the fine, even if they were not aware that litter had been dropped while they were driving. Those who refuse could face trial in a magistrates’ court, with a potential fine of up to £2,500.

Councils and environmental campaigners have been pressing for the change for years, arguing that existing laws make it all but impossible to prosecute drivers for littering. Supporters say the change would also spare council staff the need to confront drivers suspected of littering.